Merkel Calls for Internet Transparency
German Chancellor Angela Merkel, speaking at a media conference in Munich on October 25, called on leading Internet platforms to reveal the formulas of their algorithms that determine the results of user searches. Merkel claims that these companies’ algorithms propagate homogeneity of public opinion on topical issues. The attention to this issue originates from the secrecy surrounding the supposed filtration systems of big online platforms such as Facebook and Google. According to Merkel, these platforms present limited or distorted information and restrict diversity of opinion, a rising concern in Western Europe.
According to The Independent, the algorithms determine the results a search engine generates and the order in which they are displayed to the user. These algorithms differ by search engine and can be problematic because they encourage users to read information that confirms their beliefs. Referring directly to the secrecy and obscurity shrouding these algorithms, Merkel stated, “Algorithms, when they are not transparent, can lead to a distortion of our perception, they can shrink our expanse of information.”
Restricting the diversity of public discourse has strong political implications. Merkel’s comment that “this is a development that we need to pay careful attention to,” indicates that inhibiting a range of opinions contradicts the fundamental principles of a democratic society in Germany.
Several global technology executives oppose Merkel’s claims. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg dismissed concerns about filter bubbles and argued that information platforms, like social media sites, are designed to diversify viewpoints and reject the conventional media. In May, Zuckerberg said, “Facebook is actually, and social media in general, are the most diverse forms of media that are out there.”
Merkel has remained adamant in her position, despite external opposition from large corporations. At the media conference in Munich, Merkel told The Guardian, “Big internet platforms have become an eye of a needle which diverse media must pass through.” Merkel commented that it is important for the general public to know the decision making behind the information they read online.
To alleviate some of the companies’ concerns, Thomas Jarzombek, the digital policy spokesperson of Merkel’s Christian Democratic Union, claimed, “We do need more information from these operators as to how their algorithms function generally speaking,” but not necessarily their most confidential company secrets. Germany’s regulations would instead focus on the core issue, which is the transparency of search algorithms.
Merkel’s attempts to publicize search engine algorithms constitutes a greater effort to inform German public opinion about particular issues from multiple angles. Recognizing the Internet as one of the most influential sources of news has informed Merkel's stance on this policy. While the outcome of Merkel’s position remains to be seen, a positive result could change the general public’s outlook towards modern day issues.